【解析】什麼是分詞? #進階篇

分詞構句
1. 分詞構句的種類:
用法 | 例句 |
時間 | Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street, …….) (在街上走的時候,我遇到了瑪麗。) |
原因 | Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired, …….) (因為疲倦,我停下休息。) |
條件 | Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn to the left, …….) (向左轉,你就會找到那個學校。) |
讓步 | Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. (=Though he knows where I live, …….) (雖然他知道我的住處,但他從來不來看我。) |
附帶狀況 | I stood there, waiting for her. (=……, and waited for her.) (我站在那裡等她。) |
2. 簡單式分詞構句及位置:
主動 | Ving ….. , S + V |
被動 | (Being)+p.p. ……, S+V |
例句 | Seeing the policeman, he ran away. =When he saw the policeman, he ran away. (他看到警察就逃了。) Seen from the mountain, Taipei looks beautiful at night. (從山上看下來,臺北的夜晚是美麗的。) |
說明 | (1) 副詞子句的「時態」與主要子句的「時態」一致時。 (2) 前後主詞相同時,過去分詞前的“Being”可省略。 |
3. 完成式分詞構句及位置:
主動 | (先發生) (後發生) Having+p.p. ……, S+V |
被動 | (Having been)+p.p. ……, S+V |
例句 | Having finished my work, I went home. =After I had finished my work, I went home. (做完工作之後,我就回家了。) (Having been) written in haste, the book has some faults. (這本書因倉促寫成,所以有一些缺點。) |
說明 | (1) 副詞子句的「時態」在主要子句的「時態」之前。 (2) 前後主詞相同時,過去分詞前的“Having been”可省略。 |
3. 慣用語
慣用語 | generally speaking(一般說來) strictly speaking(嚴格地說) frankly speaking(坦白地說) roughly speaking(大約地說) speaking of(說到……) judging from(由……看來) seeing that(既然) provided that(假如) concerning(關於……) considering(以……而論) |
例句 | Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman. (一般而言,男人比女人強壯。) Considering her ago, she looks young. (以實際年齡而論,她顯得年輕。) Judging from his abilities, he can finish that work in time. (由他的能力判斷,他可以及時完成那項工作。) Seeing that he says so, it must be true. (既然他這樣說,那一定是真的。) |
